Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, dates to the 5th century and was the center of Kyivan Rus', the medieval state from which Ukraine, Russia, and Belarus all trace part of their cultural origins. The city holds two UNESCO World Heritage Sites — Saint Sophia Cathedral and the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra — alongside centuries of Orthodox, imperial, and Soviet-era architecture.

An 11th-century cathedral and UNESCO World Heritage Site, notable for its original Byzantine mosaics and frescoes, among the most complete surviving examples from the period.

A UNESCO World Heritage monastery complex founded in 1051, known for its underground caves, historic churches, and centuries of continuous religious significance in Eastern Orthodoxy.

A ravine in Kyiv and the site of one of the largest single massacres of the Holocaust, where tens of thousands of people, most of them Jewish, were killed by Nazi forces in 1941. Today it is a memorial site.

Kyiv's central square, a longstanding site of major political gatherings and civic life in modern Ukrainian history, including the 2013-2014 Euromaidan protests.